{"id":1370,"date":"2004-10-01T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2004-10-01T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oikonomia.it\/?post_type=articolo&#038;p=1370"},"modified":"2026-04-11T14:41:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T14:41:07","slug":"jean-yves-calvez-s-j-jacques-perrin-s-j-the-church-and-social-justice","status":"publish","type":"articolo","link":"https:\/\/www.oikonomia.it\/en\/2004\/ottobre\/jean-yves-calvez-sj-jacques-perrin-s-j-the-church-and-social-justice\/","title":{"rendered":"Jean-Yves Calvez S.J., Jacques Perrin S. J. The Church and Social Justice"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>Social Doctrine<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The \u201csocial doctrine\u201d or \u201csocial teaching\u201d of the Church . . . is a term applied to a body of doctrine which has been built\u00a0up progressively over about sixty\u2013five years. It begins in 1891, with the encyclical letter<em>\u00a0Rerum Novarum<\/em>; though it might be that we should date its commencement from the beginning of Pope Leo XIII\u2019s reign in 1878.<\/p>\n<p>The doctrine is older than its name. Leo XIII did not use the term. At the beginning of\u00a0<em>Rerum Novarum<\/em>, he said only that his intention was \u201cto treat the question of set purpose and in detail, in order that no misapprehension may exist as to the principles which truth and justice dictate for its settlement\u201d (RN 1). Farther on, there is mention of the \u201cteachings\u201d on which the Church insists on the authority of the Gospel (RN 13). At the end of the first part of his argument, which concerns the ideas of justice, friendship and brotherly love, he concluded: \u201cSuch is the scheme of duties and of rights which is taught by Christian philosophy.\u201d<sup>1<\/sup>\u00a0. . .<\/p>\n<p>In 1931, Pope Pius XI used the term \u201csocial philosophy\u201d to describe the whole content of the great encyclical of Leo XIII (QA 14). The term covered Leo\u2019s specific advice on practical matters as well as the \u201cdoctrines\u201d drawn from the Gospel and the principles of \u201cChristian philosophy\u201d used by him. Thus it would seem that the new term \u201csocial philosophy\u201d must cover a wider field than did the \u201cChristian philosophy\u201d of Leo XIII.<\/p>\n<p>Pius XI did not stop at that point. Speaking always of\u00a0<em>Rerum Novarum<\/em>\u00a0and of its theoretical and practical teaching he used an expression which comes much closer to \u201csocial doctrine\u201d. Praising the \u201cdoctrine\u201d of Leo XIII in \u201csocial and economic matters\u201d (QA 15), he said that he would develop in the second part of his encyclical\u00a0<em>Quadragesimo Anno<\/em>\u00a0some of the points of this \u201c<em>doctrina de re sociali et oeconomica<\/em>\u201d. It is to be noted that the whole of this presentation is concerned with the right of private property, capital, labour, the uplifting of the proletariat, the just wage and the reconstruction of the social order.<\/p>\n<p>This \u201cdoctrine is carefully distinguished by Pius XI from the \u201c<em>disciplina socialis cattolica<\/em>\u201d built up little by little \u201cunder the teaching and guidance of the Church\u201d, \u201cunder the guidance and in the light of Leo\u2019s Encyclical\u201d, by \u201cmany learned priests and laymen\u201d who are called \u201c<em>adjutores ecclesiae<\/em>\u201d (QA 19-20). This \u201cCatholic social science\u201d is the fruit of research undertaken by Catholics in the fields of sociology and economics. This research was stimulated by the doctrinal statements of Leo XIII and of the\u00a0<em>magisterium<\/em>\u00a0in general, but it was not itself an exercise of authority. Pius XI implied that his aim was a wider one and more contingent than is that of the \u201cdoctrine\u201d set forth by the teaching Church. \u201cCatholic social science . . . continues to be fostered and enriched daily\u201d according to the changing conditions of the times. It would seem that here we have to do with inquiries which are more pragmatic than are the declarations of the\u00a0<em>magisterium<\/em>. Men set themselves the task of \u201cadapting to modern needs the unchanging and unchangeable doctrine of the Church\u201d. By means of the \u201caction\u201d of Catholics this \u201csocial science\u201d gave rise to a new body of law and found concrete expression in new institutions.<\/p>\n<p><sup>1<\/sup>\u00a0RN 21. The authorized English version misses the point which is made here by the authors of this work. The Latin text says: \u201c<em>Talis est forma officiorum as jurium, quam Christiana philosophia profitetur<\/em>.\u201d\u2013 Translator\u2019s note.<\/p>\n<p>From Jean-Yves Calvez S.J. and Jacques Perrin S. J.,\u00a0<em>The Church and Social Justice: The Social Teaching of the Popes from Leo XIII to Pius XII (1878 \u2013 1958)<\/em>, Chicago, Henry Regnery Company, 1961, pp. 1 \u2013 3 (originally published as\u00a0<em>Eglise et la Societ\u00e9 \u00e9conomique<\/em>, Aubier, Editions Montaigne, 1959)<\/p>","protected":false},"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":""},"autori":[],"fascicolo":[85],"class_list":["post-1370","articolo","type-articolo","status-publish","hentry","fascicolo-ottobre-2004"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Oikonomia - Jean-Yves Calvez S.J., Jacques Perrin S. J. The Church and Social Justice<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Leggi l&#039;articolo a cura di Redazione, pubblicato nel numero di Ottobre 2004. 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